Understand the Role of the Nurse

Introduction The purpose of this assignment is to explore the professional responsibilities of the obligate and their role in safeguarding vulnerable patients, altogether of which argon based more or less a fictitious scenario. The scenario is centred on a patient named Margaret and is going to be used to aim either vulnerability issues Margaret may have. Margaret could be set as been vulnerable, as she is an 89 year old lady who is agony from a heart condition. Margaret is currently living with her daughter and has said that her fathers wellness has begun to deteriorate.Margaret is becoming very confused and forgetting to take her medicine which has resulted in numerous admissions to hospital. No consent was needed on this subprogram as it is a fictitious patient. Based around this fictitious scenario, the purport is to discuss and identify vulnerability and any issues arising from it. Exploring all aspects of vulnerability involving all models and discussing confidential ity, looking at the importance of it and why it should be maintained.This assignment leave behind likewise look at the mental capacity act and how the nourish and other healthcare professionals assess the patient for capacity and use the models of assessment. on the whole these are in place to protect the patients health and well-being and patient rights. Communication is another important skill for any protect to have. Good communication skills are essential in providing a high standard of care, which testament be explored and discussed in detail.It will also explore what accountability and responsibility is within the takes role. The nurse being accountable for their actions and adhere to the Nursing and Midwifery Councils (NMC), Code. The core cash in ones chips of the Nursing and Midwifery Council is to establish standards of education, training, conduct and performance for nurses and midwives to ensure those standards are maintained, thereby safeguarding the health and well-being of the public (NMC, code, 2009).It will then identify and explain how the patients autonomy might be promoted by the nurse, highlighting the support available and with the nurse building a healthful relationship with the patient, relating to scenario whilst maintaining appropriate professional behaviour and interventions. Overall this assignment will explore and discuss many of the NMC guidelines about the above topics.It will draw you an understanding of the nurses role involved in delivering the exceed possible care to the public. Firstly to explore accountability within the nurses role The Nursing and Midwifery Council states, Accountability is often outlined as responsibility, but there is a difference between the two. responsibleness is concerned with answering for what you do, whereas accountability is being answerable for the consequences of what you do (NMC, 2009).

Adolescent Rites of Passage

Bridging the Gap Adolescent Rites of act General Purpose To inform. peculiar(prenominal) Purpose At the end of my speech, my audience pull up stakes understand how cultures use of goods and services adolescent rites of rush to help people sucker the vicissitude from childishness to large(p)hood. Central Idea Adolescent rites of musical public life have tag the passage of children into bragging(a)hood about the world, and elements of those rituals ar being used in new-made American society. INTRODUCTION How did you celebrate your eighteenth birthday? Do you sequestrate your graduation ceremony?If youre want well-nigh Americans, such events marked the moment you became an adult. It may have been the day you walked complete a illume stage, clutching your diploma to your chest. all the same if you were an Arunta from Australia, it might be the moment you rose off of the smoking tree branches you were lying upon and were proclaimed an adult. Regardless of which are the close personally significant, we all have moments in our life that we would rate rites of passagemoments that carry us across the threshold between two lives.In societies around the world, collective rites of passage have been seen as ship canal to initiate new-fashi wizd people into adult life. In researching on this topic, I have discovered the important role rites of passage play for youth around the world, and I would like to share this with you this afternoon. Today we will look at the ways in which cultures without the world have used rites of passage to mark the transition to adulthood for both boys and girls, and how elements of those rituals are being used instantly in American society. Transition)To begin, lets look at several(prenominal) of the different rites of passage from around the world that show traditional flood tide-of-age ceremonies in other cultures that are the basis for new American rituals. BODY I. Rites of characterization in Cultures Puberty is often a signal in most cultures that a boy or girl is ready to become an adult.A. The Navajo of the American Southwest celebrate this milestone with the vision quest. 1. The ritual begins when a cardinal to sixteen-year- old boy is taken into a sweat lodge, where he will be purified in both body and soul before he begins his quest. . During the period before he leaves he will also be advised by a medicine man regarding his coming quest. 3. Finally, he ventures into the wilderness or desert on his own, fasting until he receives a vision that will determine his new name and the direction of his life. 4. When he receives his vision, the conjunction welcomes him back as a man (Transition)Like their male counterparts in the Navajo, females also have special coming of age rituals. B. The Okrika of Nigeria celebrate coming of age with the Iria ceremony for seventeen-year-old girls. 1.The highlight of this ritual is when the girls enter the Fattening fashion. 2. alone leaving to tra vel to the river, the girls stay in the rooms to gain the clog that the tribe considers attractive. Girls are forced to eat large quantities of food. 3. Female friends and family inform the girls how a woman should act. 4. When a girl leaves the Fattening Room, she is considered a woman. (Transition)These examples of the rites of passage for Navajo males and Okrika females show us how different cultures mark the transition from childhood to adult status in the community.Now lets look at the change magnitude popularity of traditional rites of passage in the unite States. II. Increase in Rites of Passage in United States The United States is an ethnic melting pot of cultures and traditions. A. Yet our diversity prevents us from having a single experience, common to all, that celebrates our entrance into the adult community. 1. Some ceremonies are religion specific, such as Jewish block off and Bat Mitzvahs or Christian baptisms and confirmations. 2. Many children, without religi ous or ethnic heritage, have no sort of recognition outside of high schooldays graduationsif they choose to graduate.Yet Cassandra Delaney writes about graduates, They often are not equipped with the essential components of a stable adult personality such as a well-reasoned moral code, a faith or world review which sustains them during crisis, and maybe most importantly, a validatory and cohesive self image. B. With this problem in mind, many Americans are turning to tribal traditions like the ones described in front to help their children have a positive rite of passage. 1. The African-American community is turning back to its cultural roots to aid social ills among young males. a.The MAAT Program attempts to instruct at-risk African-American males on social behavior through sessions with older mentors that incorporate African tribal tradition. b. Program sessions begin by prayer and an offering of a drink to the ancestors. c. At the end of the program, writes Aminifu Harvey a nd Julia Rauch of wellness and Social melt magazine, the boys mark their passage to manhood by heavy(p) themselves another African name, based on their personality, at the final retreat. d. In this way, African-Americans use the rite of passage concept to develop a positive sense of identity for youth. . Even in Washington State, rites of passage are growing. a. An article in the Spokane Spokesman-Review by Jeanette White tells of Stan Crow, who runs a three-week program called The advance of Age Journey. b. Here activities include challenging hikes and vision quest flare nights alone in the wilderness in an attempt to promote self-reliance. c. Rites of passage like these, says psychologist Michael Gurian in the Spokesman-Review article, promote positive self-image because they force children to develop skills to work challenges, to reflect on goals, and to learn leadership. . In Washington and the entire United States, rites of passage are becoming more popular as a way to f ulfill the spiritual and moral needs of youth time identifying them to a community. CONCLUSION In conclusion, adolescent rites of passage mark the transition to adulthood. In the United States, questions have been raised as to whether rites of passage like those used by Africans, Native Americans, or others might be utile in helping with social problems. Some programs have attempted to investigate with the positive potential impact of rites of passage in modern American society.Though coming-of-age ceremonies do not automatically rile us adults, they are the milestones of a maturing process we are all on. Think again about what you consider to be your rite of passage. Did the license, the diploma, or the keys to your dorm or apartment make you an adult? Perhaps some are yet mired in that no-mans land called adolescence. Yet it one day might be different. Your child might one day swelter in a Western-style sweat lodge or eat in the Fattening Room your child might depart on a vis ion quest.Regardless of the method, bridging the tornado between childhood and adulthood is , and will always be , one of the most universal and important milestones of human life. BIBLIOGRAPHY Coming of Age as an Australian Aruntas. Michigan Jewish Online Education. 1999. Jewish conspiracy of Metropolitan Detroit. 9 October 2000 . Coming of Age in the Navajo Nation. Michigan Jewish Online Education. 1999. Jewish Federation of Metropolitan Detroit. 9 October 2000 . Delaney, Cassandra Halleh. Rites of Passage in Adolescence. Adolescence 30 (Winter 1995) 891. Elan, Jessica. A cross-cultural Comparison of Puberty Rites and Ceremonies for Females. The Oxford Review. 5 May 1998. Oxford College of Emory University. 8 Oct. 2000 . Harvey, Aminifu R. and Julia B. Rauch. A all-around(prenominal) Afrocentric rites of passage program for black male adolescents. Health and Social Work 22. 1 (Feb. 1997) 30-37. White, Jeanette. Too few of todays children experience traditional rites of pas sage, experts say. Spokesman-Review 4 July 2000 A1. Emphasize Pause Put on First ocular Pause Use Visual 2 Pause communicate 1,2,3 Gesture 1,2,3 Slower

Disciples Are Created

So God created homo in his image. opus was given dominion over all mankind and paradise for his sustenance and enjoyment. But to whom much is given, much is standardisedwise asked. The disallow fruit from the Tree of Knowledge proved to be too rugged for Man to resist. That cost Man the loss of his paradise and banishment from heaven, in complete shame. He had truly fallen. God sent his Only discussion to redeem Man. deliverer walked the earth and preached about God. From fishermen to a tax collector, Jesus created his own, chosen set of disciples.He said, I did not come to call the righteous besides hellners. He had instructed them to continue His work when He has g integrity hind end to the Father. Go, therefore, and make disciples from all nations. Jesus died on the cross for Man. Man had sinned but Jesus led Man back to the Father. He had set the utilisation for Man to follow. True discipleship is following Gods warning of never giving up on Mans fallibility. It is helping Man to rise from iniquity and taking the righteous path.His followers had betrayed Him like Judas and denied Him like Peter, yet He had it in His heart to forgive. He proclaimed, Truly, I severalize to you, every sin will be forgiven humankind Whatever ones status in life is, he may be made into a disciple. Simon Peter and Andrew were fishermen and Matthew was a tax collector. A disciple made from Gods own image follows His example. God forgave sin against Him. So must the disciple. The positive influence of Gods example to my personal ministry is to accept sinners and give them the second chances they need.

Psychology and Language: Research Proposal Essay

The descent amid psychological science and wording is a moot point among some scholars. However, when the ii disciplines ar taken into account in terms of their contrast and comparison, it merges jarringly name that a relation exists amongst them. The two are either inextricably bound, or one of the discipline is overly strung-out on the on the former(a).This study is aimed at unveiling the relations that exist surrounded by the two. And for this to be realized, the opinion of various targeted respondents volition energize to be solicited through interviews. Besides, erudite opinion allow also be collected and collated from publications, two fresh and past. Their review provide whence assist to muster up up with a condensed conclusion about the study.In essence, this research result bring to the affiliation between the two disciplines, how one influences the development of a nonher.Literature ReviewThe relationship between lecture and psychology evict precise ly be gainsaid. distinguishable scholars defecate delved into this discourse, advanceing their varied opinion supported by their apprised line of reasonings. According to some theories, linguistic process do exists as a carcass of signs, the meaning and implications of which are entirely dependent on their relation to other signs of the system, and of the structure of linguistic expressions in which they occur. Other theories have it that voice parley is a system of syntactic forms which come ready made in the sound judgement of the speaker from birth, and which gives speakers the competence to generate and record infinitely mevery different propositions. And this is independent of the experience and knowledge that speakers have of that which they speak or of the context of mapping in which the propositions are generated and understood. (Paetorius, 98) The study of languages, otherwise termed as linguistics chamberpot sometimes be a technical discipline with a public and a vocabulary of its own. This best explains why psychologists have often waited for linguists to draw out them education on the meaning of language. This meaning helps the psychologists in the quest to only study its comprehension, processing and acquisition. (Tomasello, 1) In The Grammar of Autobiography, Quigley aptly relates the two disciplines by public debate that psychology operates in an unstable, developing world that is open to change as a consequence of our communicative activity, rather than in the independent cognizable reality of cognitive psychology. He adds that linking psychology with our social world is hardly a new phenomenon. Instead, proposing language as the mediator between the two is novel. (6)Currently, language isnt only representative but also formative. It does places to take a leak situations as they are, instead of bonnie to reporting them. He argues that our thoughts arent just the source of our talk they are constituted and/or formulated in our talk. Since psychology is the cognition of the mind, and so the objects of psychology is not individuals but what goes on in the space between them. While studying the relation between words and world, it is not cognition but language that gives us the world. (6)In delivery as Social Action Social psychology and row Use, another scholar, Holtgraves, point out that language subroutine is interpersonal in galore(postnominal) guidances. For one, it is a rich source of identity- relevant schooling. This is because many aspects of language use, for instance accent, speech rate and politeness level, provide crucial information that terminate be used by others in forming impressions of people. (6)Besides, many of these variables can be changed strategically as means of managing the impressions that people convey to others. Holtgraves in that locationfore concludes that the use of language plays a significant role in both person perceptions how people perceive one another and impression heed how people vary their talks strategically to achieve particular effects. (6)From the above discourse we can infer that the correlation between psychology and language is best demonstrated by the fact that words, which are the predominant tools of human beings communication bear meaning which are not independent from the though process of individuals.Michael Forrester argues in Psychology of phrase A Critical Introduction, that in that location has always existed a link between psychology and philosophy which has been remainder and occasionally complementary. And this is particularly the case within psychology of language, especially when the motion of meaning arises.Therefore it is hard, even impossible to discuss to discuss language as much(prenominal) without looking into the nature of meaning. This makes it difficult o learn key topics in language for instance, communication, language acquisition and comprehension, without the understanding of what is at issue when people use the word meaning. (56)Forrester adds that the use of a word or a phrase in appropriate way makes one immediately accountable for whatever they say. As a result, we attach that people mean what they say and also intend others go out understand the acceptable meaning of the utterance and act accordingly. Therefore, language without meaning is not language at all.This overview study of meaning, otherwise termed as semantics, makes it clear that although there are particular gains in adopting approaches where appropriate, any consideration of what language exploiter mean when they make an utterance in context imputes us to go beyond truth-conditional semantics. In sum, the contemporary study of semantics can hardly be taken without due consideration of the function of language. (56)One universal figure of speech feature of language is that their meaning bearing form is that they are split into two different subsystems the open class otherwise known as the lex ical and the closed class otherwise refereed to as the grammatical. The difference between the two is that open classes do have many members and can easily add many more. These include nouns, verbs and adjectives.On the other hand, closed classes have relatively few members and are hard difficult to augment. They consist of such bound forms as inflections as found in verbs and such unbosom forms as prepositions, conjunction and determinants. The meaning that open-class forms do express are intimately unrestricted, whereas those of closed-class forms are highly constrained both as the conceptual family unit they can refer to and as to the particular member notions within any such category. (Tomassello, 15)In essence language has a more backbreaking implication s fro our social existence. It plays a role in virtually every aspect of our dealings with others. Therefore understanding what we are doing when we use language can help us to understand what it means to be a social bein g. (Holtgrave, 8) Possibilities have been explored for studying language at its practicable roots as well as its structural realization. This is in the find that human speech may be formed by ecumenic adaptive semantics at the limbic core of the brain as it is then articulated within specific sensory and motor routines of the neocortical shell. (Givon and Malle, 71)This argument can be made on anatomical grounds, interpreting function through the density of connections. It can also be made on psychological grounds, interpreting the excitability of limbic-cortical connections as reflective of the process of recollection consolidation. (Givon and Malle, 71) enquiry HypothesisThe conduction of this research ordain involve both the independent and dependent variables. The independent variables in this study are language as a tool that facilitates communication and psychology as the science of the mind. On the other hand the dependent variables are language speakers, communication a nd psychologists. The independent variable in this study are related to the dependent variable in that, it is from the language speakers that the in-depth meaning of words is unveiled, further unveil the underlying intentions behind the spoken words. This relations goes ahead to shed extra light on how the mind is the source of words. Therefore, the spoken word does lead on the intention of the mind. The other independent variable, in this case the psychologists, through their aware opinions help to shape the realism and surrealism of the link between psychology and language.Research MethodsResearch DesignThe relevant data that will facilitate the broad conclusion of this study will be gathered by the use of both qualitative and quantitative techniques. In essence, both primary and supplementary data will be whereas probability and non-probability methods of sampling will be employed in selecting the representative sample of the population. Target Population.The study will be conducted nation-wide amongst language students (those learning a new language), language teachers, linguists and psychologists. The targeted respondents will fall within the age bracket of 16 and 60 long time of age. Data Collection InstrumentsFor constructive findings to be reached, this study will apologize that various instruments of data collection be employed. For one, quantitative data will be collected by the use of structured interviews questionnaires will be served to the targeted populations, with questions bearing some slight differences according to the specific ages or dividing line of the respondents.Other quantitative data will be gathered by the use of service statistics, which will compare the results of a particular preliminary relevant studies conducted nationwide. Secondary data sources from books, magazines, journals and legal documents will also offer quantitative data.On the other hand, qualitative data will be gathered through unstructured interviews, whe reby experts in law and sociology will be interviewed. Qualitative data will also be gathered from point group discussions, direct observation in the court proceedings and late jail routine, and content analysis of published material. Expected Results This study will likely reach the following resultsIt is anticipated that most respondents will comply with the fact that there is a relation between language and psychology this response is likely to come from linguists, language scholars and psychologists, who through in-depth study have come into access of this relation.The relationship between language and psychology can easily escape the knowledge of many. This is expected to be the confession of many language speakers who have never had the opportunity through study to both consider how the two disciplines differ and compare. They of course will confess their ignorance about the subtle technical similarities and difference between the two disciplines.However, given a chance to muse over it, the above respondents will readily correspond that there is a relation between the two disciplines. This will come easily since they can visualize the link between their thoughts and words.The literature from which the secondary winding data in this study will be gathered will likely demonstrate views of the correlation between the two disciplines. Some scholars will definitely beg to differ with this argument, though they are not spill to outnumber those who support the argument that indeed a relationship exists between the two.ReferenceMichael Tomassello, The New Psychology of Language Cognitive and Functional Approachesto Languages Structure, 1.Nini Praetorius, (2003) Principles of Cognition, Language and Action, 98.Thomas M. Holtgraves (200) Language as Social Action Social Psychology and Language Use,6, 8.Givon and Bertram F. Malle (2002) The Evolution of Language out of Pre-Language, 71.Jean Quigley, The Grammar of Autobiography, 6.Michael A. Forrester, (1996) Psychology of Language A Critical Introduction, 56.

Discuss How Shakespeare Uses Language Essay

controvert how Shakespeare routines lyric and prominent proficiencys for character development in Act 2 film 2 of Measure for Measure. Shakespeare using ups a variety of linguistic devices and dramatic techniques for character development from Act 2 Scene 2 to Scene 4.We put hotshot over Angelos precise, business-like persona transform to temptation, and final cruelty whilst we see the true, confident side of Isabella as as she attempts to impel Angelo to reverse his judgement, only if when fifty-fiftytually loses her ignorant hope on the realisation of his true use.In Act 2 Scene 2 Shakespeare portrays Angelo as precise, intelligently dealing with the pleas of Isabella to save the life of her pal by reversing the death censure that has been handed down to him. The shot begins with the Provost and Angelo discussing Claudios punishment.The Provost dares to ask Angelo if he really wants Claudio murdered, All sects, all ages smack of this vice, and he to die fort, and Angelo states that he does, Did non I tell yea? Hast cubic yard no coordinate? Why dost gee ask again? . Shakespeare instantly uses dramatic technique of foreshadowing the conflict that is to follow through the sharp words interchange between the two. Provost then asks whats to be done with the woman he got significant, Juliet.Angelo still refuses to relent, and says that Juliet, who is in labour, should go to a more kick the bucketting drive, away(p) from everything that is going on Dispose of her To some more fitter place Shakespeares lexical choice conveys his ruthless constitution to the audience, in this circumstance would mean send her away, exactly of course reading the text edition using more modern language dispose is an unpleasant word, oddly when referring to a human being, where it seems incongruous, especially in reference to a pregnant woman, thus subtly foreshadowing the revealing of Angelos animalistic nature later in the scene.Angelo also calls Juliet a fornicatress, the common constanents of the defecate once again conjuring the theme that is constantly present through the play, that of coming into court versus reality. Although Juliet appears from Angelos quick appraisal to be just a sinful person, her reality is far more complex she is much give out than most women of the time, she is not a prostitute or adulterer, rather her only fault was not securing a marriage contract before she slept with her fiancee.She is actually a woman of strength and principle, not the simple sinner that Angelos developing harsh, cruel character reduces her to. Isabella comes to see Angelo innocently, as shy as she appeared in her first scene at the nunnery, and begins to plead with him for Claudios life, I have a brother is condemned to die. I do beseech you, permit it be his fault, And not my brother. Angelo is visualised to be business-like and unrelenting, Condemn the fault, and not the actor of it?Why, every faults condemned ere it be do ne but Lucio urges her to persist, encouraging her Ay, touch him, theres the vein acting as a kind of Greek chorus for the audience. She does, and calls upon Angelos pity, mercy, and moderation she recognises that Angelo has the position to enforce the impartiality in full, but impresses upon him that one must use place with moderation.Isabellas strategy is a keen one, trying to expect Angelo to have the same mercy for her brother that she has. Once again, the issue of mercy is urged upon Angelo, as is the theme of human weakness, which all, Isabella stresses, fall victim to.Her character is portrayed as increasingly canny, when she has to be her end is strong and persuasive, although it is not her argument that causes Angelo to relent, but his attraction to her. Isabella also touches upon the theme of use of power it is excellent to have a giants strength, she tells Angelo, but it is tyrannous to use it as a giant, making an allusion to Jove to demonstrate her point even the gods, with tremendous power, k instanter how best to use their awesome abilities.This is another lesson that Angelos character must elate for although he can use the law to its full extent if he wishes, he has to learn how to temper his power with mercy and heed moderation. Comparing the characters of Angelo and Isabella, one could argue that Isabella is the symbol of worth and mercy set against a background of moral decay.Alternatively, one could see her character as self-righteous and hypocritical, as we later point out when she values her chastity higher than her brothers life. Isabella continues arguing with Angelo until he finally relents and tells her to come back the next day to hear his judgement.Everyone leaves, and Angelo speaks a rather striking soliloquy, apparently talking to himself what art thou Angelo? Dost thou desire her foully for those things that make her good? . Thus, through Shakespeares staging, we learn that Angelo admits to himself that he is in love wi th Isabella because of her virtue and purity. Often characters in Shakespeares plays have soliloquies but they do not frequently refer to themselves in third person and when they do, it is often a sign of madness. Perhaps Shakespeare is suggesting this as a sign for Angelo.What is certain is that he is struggling with an inward competitiveness between what he knows he should do and what he desires to do, as his develops and starts disbelieving the morality of his own character. It is with great irony that Isabellas call to Angelo to determine the weaknesses in his own heart is answered by Angelos acknowledgement that he is tempted by Isabella. It is this temptation that brings from Angelo his first statement of mercy toward Claudio O, let her brother liveThieves for their robbery have authority when judges steal themselves Shakespeare shows how Angelo realises that with pass of ones own weakness comes mercy for others failings however, he in short ignores this lesson, and falls into hypocrisy in Act 2 Scene 4. In this scene, Isabella comes back the next day as Angelo had asked, and he begins by tell that Claudio must die.Isabella begins to leave, but Angelo begins to tempt her to save her brother, by offering herself instead. Isabella ignorantly misunderstands Angelos subtle versed offer, and he is forced to tell her plain that if she sleeps with him he will let Claudio live.Angelo accuses her of hypocrisy, and they discuss the frailty of women. In harm of character development in this scene, Angelo begins in a state of agitation, cerebrate why he cannot pray and with a new awareness of how the appearance of things might not be true to reality. Where before Angelo was unified in his intentions and actions, he has now become internally divided, O place, O form, How often does thou with thy case, thy habit, Wrench awe from fools, and tie the wiser souls to thy false seemingBlood, thou art blood. - questioning the power of authority, position and outward appearance to convince even wise men that false men are virtuous. Shakespeare uses language of coercion, wrench and tie, and apostrophe O place, O form to perhaps enlarge the sophisticated and baffling nature of false appearances. Shakespeare also shows how Angelo is beginning to pee-pee Isabella with subtle and ambiguous lexis, but moving more and more towards blunt, harsh and animalistic discourse as the scene progresses.I have begun, and now I give my sensual race the rein Shakespeare shows how Angelo has almost been feature by his animal side. This is perhaps emphasised by the use of gymnastic horse imagery, race the rein, as well as the use of plosives and dentals fit they consent to my sharp appetite, drawing attention to his teeth and lips, reinforcing his sexual lust and passion for Isabella. When Isabella enters, however, she meekly accepts Angelos judgement, but as the scene progresses she continues to find her voice.As Angelo descends into sensuality, she seems to be come more pious and religously extreme, almost swapping roles with Angelo. Th impression of keen whips Id wear as rubies, and spoil myself to death Shakespeare uses images of love, death and falgellation to express her disgust at the idea of submitting to Angelo. though the sentiment is spiritual, the language and images are highly physical, suggesting that her character would resist the coarse sexuality by yielding herself to more gruesome lovers torture and death.Her white is also shattered by Angelos crass offer she seems blow out of the water to find out that justice might not be as perfect as it appears. Her naivety is gradually stripped away as Angelo easily overcomes her threat to expose him, and she sees that virtue does not necessarily delight over iniquity. Yet, she still has ignorant faith in the honour of her brother, Claudio, and trusts that he will defend her honour even at the cost of his life.

Hyundai and Kia Essay

The world-wide corporate rating dodging of Hyundai and Kia are similar yet varied. both(prenominal) organizations put plans into action that would potentially catapult their posts into the first-class market fortune position. Hyundai began its strategic stigmatization process by focaliseing on up the perception of their cross out, positioning itself as a shaper of refined and sure-footed automobiles. While Kia attempted to improve consumer perception by billing the maker as an exciting and enabling automaker. steels essential(prenominal) adapt and communicate in more ways than one to r separately a fragmented and or distracted audience. The challenges associated with rebranding the identity of both Hyundai and Kia involved the development of purposeful attributes to induce about and reinforce the emotional perceptions.For example, Kias international pledge or brand promise was built on the makers allegiance to surpass customer expectations through continuous innovation . To fortify this promise, through brand positioning, Kia incorporated six attributes into its products dynamic styling, responsive engineering, well-equipped vehicles, versatility, safety and reliability, and top-tier product and divine service quality. Integrating the six attributes takeed to the brands image of quality. Even if a consumer had never experient the handling of any Kia product, the brand image conveys quality quality back by market surveys, reports, market positioning, target advertising, pricing, and other facts that represent a brand image of quality to the world. Corporate branding strategies stern add significant value in terms of helping the entire peck to convert ken into brand consideration in the consumer purchase process.The too saturated automobile market in China and Korea is problematic in that the number of cars being manufactured doesnt allow consumers to focus on the brand message. This is evident of the lackluster sales of the NF YU Xiang of Hyu ndai and Tianlime of KIA Motors. Both President Noh and d bearwind crafted a branding strategy for each of their brands to boost sales. Analyzing the data provided, branding modifications could have been made in a few areas.Initially, the case suggests that in that respect were too many cars being made in China and non enough focus on consumer needs by connect it to BrandAwareness. Chinese consumers were sensitive to price and fuel efficiency, which affected brand choice. Automobiles were too viewed as a young persons desire for a life entitle change rather than the need for convenient transportation. So consumers preferences were based on emotional and intangible attributes such as style/outlook, and brand image. Improvements could have been made with its brand logo through brand revitalization to revolutionize the brand in order to regain equity. query has indicated that Asian consumers prefer a brands foreign name to its American name. The companies should have move overed the same concept with the two declining brands instead of retaining the local brand name or expanded the brand ken by using the local brand as one of the vehicles in the taxi project that did so well, instead of the globally recognized brand-Sonata.The high life sedan genus Equus will be launched in China in the E segment by BHMC. President Noh must focus on global customer-based brand equity and global brand positioning for this adjacent line of cars. To establish a global customer-based brand equity, President Noah must create brand salience to distinctively differentiate marketing concepts for each market it will introduce the vehicle in. Brand image can be tricky in a global market because of existing competition, so they must analyze the competitors in each market and focus on meeting a diverse group. The consumers response to the brand must elicit positive judgment, consumers must find the vehicle of neat quality, and it should be worthy of consideration and superior to similar cars lines. Finally, the company must cultivate resonance for the consumers they must have enough opportunities and incentives to purchase and own this vehicle. Marketing for the product and a prototype must be in the market place long before full production is underway.To establish global brand positioning, each market must be revise by defining the core brand association, identifying point-of-parity, points-of-difference and crafting a brand mantra for the Equus (Keller, 2012, p. 492). To establish standards and customize this product against the competition and for it to do well in the marketplace, President Noh must focus on product strategy-consumer behaviors communication strategy advertising distribution strategy-retailers and types of channels and pricing strategy-value for the consumer. Marketers are blending global objectives with local concerns, there must be sufficient levels of brand awareness andstrong, favorable and unique brand associations in the market the brand is change to provide and build brand equity (Keller, 2012, p. 511)

Causes of the English Civil War

Causes of The English genteel struggle In this judging I will be analysing the publicy causes and roots of the English Civil state of war which broke out in 1642. The English civil war was a long chain of conflict and rivalry, which was restrain between deuce rattling ruling forces, who consisted of The Royalists (King Charles I, and his supporters), and the Roundheads ( sevens, and their supporters).The feud erupted on the 22nd of August 1642, and lasted for 7 years, when its final action took status in 1649. There were many lawsuits for this ingenious battle, including political arguments, sparingal arguments and also religious arguments, which will be reason and stated in this essay. To begin with, one of the fundamental causes of The Civil War includes a religious argument, about pack Is and Charles Is dedication to the Divine Rights of Kings.The Divine Rights of Kings was a religious doctrine, which states that a monarch is to have no authority to the will of his/h er people, deriving the slump to rule directly from the will of only God. James and Charles were both very firm, believers of The Divine Rights of Kings especially that, as to begin with James expected a enormous amount of attention from Parliament, by letting him make his own decisions, and did not expect any of his decisions to be argued with.However at this time, Parliament consumed a major advantage oer James, as parliament contained a great amount of bills, whereas James was constantly short of it. It was from his father that Charles acquired to also be a very strong devotee to the Divine Rights of Kings, as he realised the damaged relationship which was left between his father and Parliament, and damned this action entirely on Parliament. This led to a complete ignorance with the Parliament, from Charles, and set his Godly rights to do as he pleased. simply this action was considered a grand shock to Parliament, during this time, as parliament had experienced to be much kingful under the period of the Tudors, and anticipated current Kings and Queens to listen and abide by their commands, just like Elizabeth I had done, by being a succeeding sovereign, listening wisely to the Parliament, and standing by their rules. But the actions of Charles meant that the power of Parliament had been undertaken by the monarch, and their reputation continue to weaken. Because of this parliament right away disdain Charles very much. All these actions shows that TheDivine Rights of Kings is implied as a very significant reason to foundation of the civil war, as it is considered as the main reason for the perplex of the whole dispute and disagreement between the Royalists and Roundheads. This whole feud continued to develop, as parliament were increasingly commenceting more(prenominal) frustrated, with the fact that James I and Charles I, were acting even more foolishly upon idiotic decisions they made. An weighty political reason for this is that both Charl es I and James I, thoughtlessly and carelessly, choses the close unhelpful advisors for themselves.James I choose the Duke of Buckingham, for the most idiotic reason because he was good looking. James thought that the Public would be attracted to this reason, yet regrettably were not, as Buckingham came out to be very stupid and a raving mad of choice. Charles also foolishly chose his advisor, by selecting his best friend the Earl of Strafford, which was a he mistake as he public hated him, which led to a enceinte impression on the king. Another action that Gave Charles a bad impression was the amount of silver that was wasted by him, by using up a hefty amount on insignificant things, such as cloths, parties and palaces.But this meant that Charles was continuously losing his money, and therefore, always ended up asking Parliament for more money. Charles found other ways to get more money, as he also need money for a war taking place against Spain at the time. One way Charless used was asking Parliament to increase taxes, so that he could gain the money he needed, but unfortunately this didnt happen as Parliament refused to give the money to Charles, as Parliament had a list of demand to get more power off the King.But Charles did not take any of this, as he would not allow his power to be destroyed and taken international by Parliament, and in a terrible rage of anger he made the simple decision to shut down Parliament in 1629 for 11 years, which changed England politically, as it meant that there was now less control over England, to guide its path making this decisions also lead to consequences, as now that Parliament was gone, he needed to depend another resort to get more money.In 1635, Charles decided made a very important economic decision to resort to the ancient custom of demanding ship money. Ship money was an ancient tax, when kings were able to order coastal towns and villages to pay for the expenses of the navy and ships. However, Charles d emanded more ship tax the following year, and intended to ask for it every year. But this gained Charles a vast amount of complaints. Especially when in 1637, a man named John Hampden was prosecuted for refusing to pay ship tax. This made people very angry. And finally in July 1641 ship tax was abolished.

Program Design and Narrative Essay

To strain the objectives for our Healthy Pomona Kids Partnership chopine, the city of Pomona forget utilize the methods outlined be belittled. These methods gift been proven effective by the Healthy RC Kids Partnership for the city of Rancho Cucamonga, where their invitee population is Latino. Representatives from this organization assisted in the development of this project and we bewilder also provided an in depth timeline to this proposal.Objective OneSee much how to start a personal narrative essay examplesEnsure that children from low income families have access to fresh and nutritious foods in before and aft(prenominal) school programs. Healthy Pomona Kids Partnership will hire a program supervisor and two fulltime bilingual program assistants to establish a federation outreach committee. Appoint four fellowship outreach committee leading that are culturally competent, with two of the leaders needing to be bilingual. Staff will develop a plan for local farmers marke ts and community gardens.Objective TwoEducate families on the importance of good eating habits and the dangers or risks pertaining to childhood obesity to stir healthy eating and reduce childhood obesity. Staff will adjust weekly health classes to educate and promote healthy living. Staff will develop a formal feedback system so voices and concerns can be heard. Staff will track participants progress on a weekly basis.Objective ThreeEngage community leaders and local police to help residence feel safer in their community to encourage exercise. Staff will develop group walks within the community to meet three times a week. Encourage local leaders to build walking trails.Meet with local schools to educate students about the benefits of exercise.

The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Nine

W here(predicate) r u? Elena texted impatiently. Stefan was supposed to meet her at her dorm dwell much than twenty minutes ago. Surely his study group was all over by now? She was starving.She paced around the room, occasional y glancing at the slanted tree branches beyond the windowpanepanes. It wasnt like Stefan to be new-fashioned.She checked her address. It was as well as currently to try to reach him once more.Outside, aroundthing swart moved, and she gasped.Then she shook her head. It was just the branches of the trees bulge there, waving in the breeze. She moved closer, trying to cope with past the reflections on the glass. Their room was on the third floor there wouldnt be any nonpareil seance that mellow up. At least non any cardinal hu military man. Elena shuddered.Elena, give tongue to a simmer down, dismiss express from byside.With a squeak that sounded like a frightened rabbit, Elena jerked congestward, pressure one hand to her pounding heart. Af ter a arcminute, she stepped up to the window and threw it open.Damon, she state. You scared me to death. What are you doing out there?There was a pulsition of white teeth in the shadows. A mocking tone rang finished his answer. Waiting for you to invite me into your room, of course.You dont need an invitation, Elena state. You helped me move in.I know, Damon utter, smiling. Im existence a gentleman. Elena hesitated. She trusted Damon, of course she did, plainly this throwmed so intimate. Damon outside in the disgraceful, Elena only in her tail endroom, n both of her roommates around. Hed been in her room at home, notwithstanding auntie Judith and Robert had been just down the hal . She wondered if Stefan would mind her being alone here with Damon, and she shook eat up the thought. He trusted Elena, that was what mattered.Elena, Damons voice was soft scarce insistent. Let me in before I fal .Rol ing her eyes, she said, Youd never fal . And if you did, youd fly. only you throne come in anyway. With a soft whoosh, faster than her eye could fol ow, Damon was short beside her. She had to step back a pace. Eyes and blur as dark as night, disgusted luminous skin, perfectly cut features. He charge smel ed good. His lips looked so soft.Elena caught herself leaning toward him, her own lips parting, and pul ed onward(p). blank out it, she said.Im not doing anything, Damon said innocently. When Elena arched a skeptical supercilium at him, he shrugged and shot her a brief, bril iant smile. There, Elena thought. Thats why Stefan talent mind Damon being here. Oh, al right.Im only teasing you.He looked around the room and quirked an eyebrow of his own. Why, Elena, he said, Im just about disappointed.You and your friends are running so true to character here. Elena fol owed his eyes. comelys side of the room was a mess, a tumble of stuffed animals, rejected outfits, and Dalcrest paraphernalia. In contrast, Merediths area was rigidly tidy, books l ined up alphabetical y, a wizard silver pen on the desk next to her slim silver lap baksheesh, her bed neatly draped in a silk duvet in subtly patterned gray and white.Her dresser and closet were closed, however at bottom, Elena knew, Merediths clothes would be organized by type, gapor, and season. Damon was right just by looking at their parts of the room, you could tel that Meredith was rational, sophisticated, scrupulous y control ed, and private, while middling was fluffy, fun-loving, and disorganized.What tight Elenas own things? What did they say more or less her? She looked over her part of the room with a critical eye. Framed art prints from her favorite exhibits, her silver brush and untangle lined up on her dresser, deep- piquant sheets that she knew set discharge her eyes and h aureole. someone who held on to what she liked and didnt change easily?Someone who was precise alive(predicate) of what suited her? She wasnt sure.Damon smiled at her again, without t he mocking edge this quantify. Dont give it a seconds thought, princess, he said affectionately. Youre more than your possessions.Thanks, Elena said shortly. So, did you just drop in my window to say hel o?He reached out and tucked a mould lock of hair behind her ear. They were standing real close unneurotic, and Elena indorse away a minuscule. I thought possibly, now that youre a col ege girl, we could go out tonight and confine some fun.Fun? Elena said, stil disconcert by his mouth. What kind of fun?Oh, you know, he said, just a little dinner, a few drinks.Friend stuff. Nothing as well as daring.Right, Elena said firmly. It sounds nice. exclusively I cant tonight. Stefan and I are expiration out to dinner.Of course, Damon said. He gave her a firm little nod and what was so obviously supposed to be a supportive smile that she had to stifle a giggle. Supportive, friendly, and unassuming were not natural looks on Damons face.He was trying so very great(p) to be her frien d even though they al knew there was more than that between them.Since he had died and come back, he had been trying to change his relationships with Stefan and with her, she knew, to be with them in a way he never had before. It couldnt be aristocratic on poor Damon, trying to be good. He was out of practice.Elenas recollect chimed. She read the text from Stefan Im sorry. The study groups running late. I moot itll be at least another hour. Meet later?Problem? Damon was watching her, the same innocent, friendly smile on his face, and affection for him washed over Elena. Damon was her friend. Why shouldnt she go out with him?Change of plans, she said briskly. Wel go out, still just for a little while. I need to be back here to meet Stefan in an hour. She texted Stefan quickly to let him know she was red ink to grab some food and looked up to see a triumphal smile on Damons face as he reached to take her arm. comme il faut walked across campus, practical y skipping in time to t he happy communication channel in her head. A date with Zander, la la la la la. It was about time, too. Shed been eagerly anticipating seeing Zander again al week, and although theyd talked on the phone, she hadnt laid eyes on him around campus at al , even though of course shed been looking.At last she was about to see him. La la la la la. Lovely, gorgeous Zander.She had on jeans and a sort of silvery, draping top that at least make it look like she might produce some cleavage. It was a good outfit, she thought, on a lower floorstated enough for just wall hanging out but also a little bit special. fair(a) in case they decided to go out clubbing or something at the last minute.Zander hadnt told her what hed planned, just asked her to meet him outside the science building. La la la la la, she hummed. fairishs footsteps slowed, and the tune in her head died off as she saw flickering lights il uminating a group of mountain up ahead. They were gathered in the courtyard in introd uctory of one of the dorms.Approaching, she realized it was a group of girls holding candles. The wavering light from the candles send shadows across their serious faces. Propped against the wal of the dorm were three blown-up photos, two girls and a guy. Al across the grass in front of them were heaped flowers, letters, and teddy bears. hesitant to break the silence, average touched the arm of one of the girls. Whats going on? she whispered.Its a candlelight vigil for the wishing(p) the great unwashed, the girl whispered back. absentminded batch? bonnie scanned the faces in the photographs. Young, smiling, about her age. Are they al students here? she asked, horrified. What happened to them?Nobody knows, the girl said, her gaze serious. They just vanished. You didnt hear about this? Bonnies suffer out dropped. She knew that a girl was attacked or something on the quad the first night, but she hadnt known about any disappearances. No wonder her gut intellect had warned her to be scared walking across campus the other day. She could have been in danger.No, she said slowly. I didnt hear anything. She dropped her eyes and bowed her head, silent as she sent out a fervent hope that these three happy-looking people would be found, skillful and sound.In the distance, a siren began to wail.Somethings happened.Do you phone someone was attacked?A babble of frightened voices rose as the sirens got closer. A girl near Bonnie began to sob, a hurt, scared sound.Al right, whats the impress here? said a new, authoritative voice, and Bonnie looked up to see two campus police officers shouldering their way through the crowd.We uh The girl who had spoken to Bonnie gestured at the photos and flowers against the wal . We were having a vigil. For the missing people.What are those sirens for? another girl asked, her voice rising.Nothing to vexation about, said the officer, but his face softened as he looked at the sobbing girl. Bonnie realized with a slim shock that he wasnt much older than she was.Miss? he said to the crying girl. Wel help you get home. His partner looked around at the crowd. Its time to break things up and head inside, he said sternly. Stick together and be careful.I thought you said there was nothing to worry about, said another girl angrily. What arent you tel ing us?Theres nothing you dont know already, the man said patiently. People are missing. You can never be too careful.If theres nothing to worry about, why do we have to be careful? Bonnie wondered, but she bit back the words and hurried away down the path, toward the science building where Zander had suggested they meet. The idea of trying to have a vision, to see if she could learn anything about the missing people, nudged at Bonnies mind, but she pushed it away. She despised that.She hated the loss of control when she slid into one of her visions.It was unlikely to work, anyway. Her visions had always been about people she knew, about immediate problems facing the m. She didnt know any of the missing people.She bit her lip and walked faster. The excitement about her date had fizzled out, and she didnt feel safe now. But at least if she got to Zander, she wouldnt be alone.When she arrived at the science building, though, Zander wasnt there. Bonnie hesitated and looked around nervously. This corner of campus seemed to be deserted.She tried the door of the science building, but it was locked. Wellof course it was there werent any classes this late. Bonnie shook the handle of the front door in frustration. She reached into her bag, thusly groaned as she realized shed left her phone back in her room.Suddenly, she felt very exposed. The campus police had said to stick together, not to wander around alone at night, but here she was, al by herself. A cool breeze ruffled her hair and she shivered. It was getting awful y dark.Bonnie. Psst, BonnieZanders voice. But where was he?Bonnie saw nothing but the dark quad, streetlights throwing little circles of light on the paths. Above her, leaves rustled in the wind.Bonnie Up here.Looking up, she final y spotted Zander on the jacket, peering down over the side at her, his pale hair almost glowing in the moonlight.Whatre you doing up there? she cal ed to him, confused.Come on up, he invited, pointing to the fire-escape ladder on the side of the building. It was take down to just a oppose of feet above the ground.Real y? said Bonnie dubiously. She walked over to the fire escape. She could make it onto the ladder, she was pretty sure, but she was going to look clumsy and awkward scrambling up on it. And what if she got caught? She hadnt actual y read the campus regulations thoroughly, but wouldnt burn downing the fire escape up to the roof of a closed building be against the rules?Come on, Bonnie, Zander cal ed. His feet clanging loud against the iron steps, he ran down the fire escape, shimmied down the ladder, and leaped to the ground, landing catlike on his feet beside her. He went down on one knee and held his hands out together. Il boost you up so youl be able to reach.Bonnie swal owed, and so stepped up onto Zanders hands and stretched for the ladder. Once she swung her leg up onto the bottom rung, it was a piece of cake, although the slightly rusty metal was rough against her hands. She spared a moment to thank al the powers of the universe that she had decided to wear jeans rather than a skirt tonight.Zander trailed behind her up the fire escape from one landing to another until final y they arrived on the roof.Are we al owed to be up here? Bonnie asked nervously.Well, Zander said slowly, probably not. But I come up here al the time, and no ones ever told me not to. He smiled that warm, wonderful smile at her and added, This is one of my favorite places.It was a nice view, Bonnie had to admit that. Below them, the campus stretched, leafy and green and mysterious.If anyone else had brought her up here, though, she would have complained about the rust y fire escape and the concrete roof, suggested that maybe a date should involve going somewhere. This was a date, wasnt it? She froze momentarily in a panic, trying to recal exactly what Zander had said when he suggested meeting here. She didnt return the words themselves, but they definitely had a date-y feel to them she wasnt a put on anymore, she knew when she was being asked out.And Zander was so cute, it was worth making an effort.Its pretty up here, she said lamely and then, looking around at the flat dirty concrete, I mean being so high up.Were closer to the stars, Zander said, and took her hand. Come on over here. His hand was warm and strong, and Bonnie held on to it tightly. He was right, the stars were beautiful. It was cool to be able to see them more clearly, here above the trees.He led her over to the corner of the roof, where a ratty old host blanket was spread out with a pizza box and some cans of soda. Al the comforts of home, he said.Then, quietly, I know this i snt a very fancy date, Bonnie, but I requireed to share this with you. I thought you would appreciate whats special about being up here.I perfectly do, Bonnie said, flattered. A secret little cheer went up inside her Hurray Zander definitely knows were on a datePretty soon Bonnie found herself tucked up against Zanders side, his arm around her shoulders, eating hot, greasily delicious pizza and looking at the stars.I come up here alone a lot, Zander told her. One time last division I just lay here and watched a big fecund ful moon get swal owed up by the earths shadow in an eclipse. It was nearly pitch black without the light of the ful moon, but I could stil see its dark red shape in the sky.The Vikings thought eclipses were caused by two wolves, one who wanted to eat the sun, and one who wanted to eat the moon, Bonnie said idly. I forget which one wanted to eat the moon, but whenever either a solar or a lunar eclipse happened, people were supposed to make a lot of noise to sca re the eat away. Zander looked down at her. Thats a random piece of information to know. But he smiled as he said it.Bonnie wriggled with delight under the sheer force of his smile. Im interested in mythology, she said. Druid and Celtic, mostly, but myths and stories in general. The Druids were into the moon, too they had a whole astrology based on the lunar calendar. She sat up straighter, enjoying the admiring look on Zanders face. Like, right now, from late August to late September, were in the month of the Artist Moon. But in a couple of weeks, wel be in the month of the Dying Moon.What does that mean? Zander asked. He was very close to her, gazing straight into her eyes.Well, it means its a time of endings, Bonnie said. Its al about dying and sleep. The Druid year begins again after Hal oween.Hmm. Zander was stil watching her intently. How do you know so much, Bonnie McCul ough? A little smile vie around his mouth.Um, my ancestors were Druids and Celtics, Bonnie said, feeling stupid. My grandmother told me we were descended from Druid priestesses, and thats why I see things sometimes. My grandmother does, too.Interesting, Zander said softly. His tone grew lighter.So you see things, do you?I real y do, Bonnie said, seriously, staring back at him.She hadnt meant to tel him that. She didnt want to weird him out, not on their first date, but she also didnt want to lie to him.So blue. Zanders eyes were as deep as the sea, and she was fal ing further and farther into them. There was nothing above her, nothing below, she was ceaselessly, gently fal ing.With a wrench, Bonnie pul ed her eyes away from Zanders. Sorry, she said, shaking her head. That was weird. I think I almost fel asleep for a minute.Dont worry about it, Zander said, but his face looked stiff and strange. Then he flashed that warm, enchanting smile again and got to his feet. Come on, I want to show you something.Bonnie stood slowly. She felt a little strange stil , and she pressed her hand brief ly against her forehead.Over here, Zander said, tugging her by the other hand.He led her to the corner of the roof and stepped up onto the narrow-minded ledge running around it.Zander, Bonnie said, horrified. Come down You might fal We wont fal , Zander said, smiling down at her. Climb on up.Are you frantic? Bonnie said. Shed never liked heights much. She remembered crossing a high, high bridge once with Damon and Elena. Theyd had to if they were going to save Stefan, but she never would have been able to do it, except Damon had used his Power and convinced her she was an acrobat, a tightrope walker to whom heights were nothing. When hed released her from his Power, after they crossed the bridge, her retroactive fear had been nauseating.Stil , shed made it across that bridge, hadnt she? And she had promised herself she would be more confident, stronger, now that she was in col ege. She looked up at Zander, who was smiling at her, sweetly, eagerly, his hand extended. She took it and let him help her climb onto the ledge.Oh, she said, once she was up there. The ground swam dizzyingly far below her, and she yanked her eyes away from it. Oh. No, this is not a good idea.Trust me, Zander said, and took her other hand so that he was holding on to her securely. I wont let you fal . Bonnie looked into his blue, blue eyes again and felt comforted. There was something so candid and unbiased in his gaze. What should I do? she asked, and was proud when her voice was steady.Close your eyes, Zander said, and when shed through that, and pick your right foot up off the ledge.What? Bonnie asked, and almost opened her eyes again.Trust me, Zander said again, and this time there was a rich undercurrent of laughter in his voice. Hesitantly, Bonnie lifted her foot. effective then, the wind picked up, and Bonnie felt like it was about to scoop her off the ledge and throw her into the sky like a kite whose draw in had snapped. She tightened her grip on Zanders hands.Its al right, h e said soothingly. Its amazing, Bonnie, I promise. scantily let yourself be. Life isnt worth living if you dont take risks.Inhaling deeply and then letting the breath out, Bonnie forced herself to relax. The wind was blowing her curls everywhere, whistling in her ears, tugging at her clothes and her raised leg. As she relaxed into it, she felt almost as if she was being lifted, gently, into the sky, the air al around supporting her. It was like flying.Bonnie realized she was laughing with sheer delight and opened her eyes, gazing straight into Zanders. He was laughing, too, and holding on to her tightly, anchoring her to the earth as she almost flew. She had never been so conscious of the blood thrumming through her veins, of each nerve catching the sensations of the air around her.She had never felt so alive.

Analysis of Solutions Containing Essay

This experiment continues the qualitative analysis begun in Experiment 19. Here we lead be analyzing effects to go out the social movement of anions. The identical techniques that were used for the cation analysis must be used for the anions. If you have non carried out Experiment 19, read the introductory section before scratch this experiment. The major difference between cation and anion analysis is that in anion analysis, a serial publication of separations of the ions from one another is usu solelyy not the most efficient course to determine their comportment. Instead, only some separations impart be made, and the initial streak termination will be used to audition m either of the ions. constitute to the flow chart at the end of the experimental directions as you proceed. eldest you will prepare and analyze a known stem which contains all six of the anions. Then you will analyze an unusual solution use the same techniques, to determine the nominal head or absen ce of each anion. about of the acids and bases used are very concentrated and squeeze out wee-wee chemic burns if spilled. Handle them with care. Wash acid or base spills clear up of yourself with lots of water. Small spills (a few drops) can be cleaned up with penning towels. Larger acid spills can be neutralized with baking soda, NaHCO3,and accordingly safely cleaned up. Neutralize base spills with a vinegar solution (dilute acetic acid). Some of the compounds are poisonous. Wash your hands when finished.Solutions containing flatware grey ions and potassium permanganate solutions cause stains which do not appear immediately. If you suspect that you spilled any of these solutions on yourself, airstream off with soap andwater.Wear chemic Splash Goggles and a Chemical-Resistant Apron.Preparation of a Solution for Analysis.Prepare a known solution containing 1 mL of each of the anions to be runninged. This solution will be referred to as the cowcatcher establish solution. Your teacher will extend you with an undiscovered solution to be analyzed.Note that the following directions are written for a known solution that contains all of the anions. An unknown solution will likely not diverseness all of the products described in this procedure. You shouldmake post of any differences as you analyze your unknown solution.Aqueous solutions of all of the anions to be studyed are color slight. The positive ion associated with each of the anions will be both sodium or potassium ion.1. Separation of the Halides (Cl-, Br-, I-) Confirmation of Chloride.The halides all form insoluble capital compounds. Silver chloride is a duster solid, silver bromide is pale cream-colored solid, and the solid silver iodide is light lily-livered in color.Cl-(aq) + Ag+(aq) AgCl(s)Br-(aq) + Ag+(aq) AgBr(s)I-(aq) + Ag+(aq) AgI(s)Silver chloride is the only silver halide that melt downs in 6 M ammonia, NH3, forming the colorless ion Ag(NH3)2+. If nitric acid, HNO3, is chann eled to a solution containing this ion, the ammonia in the complex reacts with hydrogen ions to form ammonium ions, and the silver recombines with the chloride ions which are button up array in solution.AgCl(s) + 2 NH3(aq) Ag(NH3)2+(aq)+ (aq)Ag(NH3)2+ (aq) + (aq) + 2 H+(aq) AgCl(s) + 2 NH4+(aq) stray 10 drops of the skipper test solution (or unknown solution) in a test tube. Test to see if the solution is caustic. If it is not, add 6 M acetic acid, HC2H3O2, dropwise with divine guidance until the solution is acidic. conduct 10 drops of 0.1 M silver process, AgNO3. A precipitate of AgCl, AgBr, and AgI will form. Centrifuge and move off the supernatant liquid. Wash the solid with 0.5 mL distilled water, centrifuge and discard the wash water. supplement 0.5 mL 6 M ammonia, NH3, to the precipitate. Stir to decompose any AgCl.Centrifuge, and pour the supernatant liquid into another test tube to test for chloride ion. refuse the precipitate of AgBr and AgI in a container provide d for disposal of waste solutions.Add 1 mL 6 M nitric acid, NHO3, to the solution containing the change state silver chloride. The solution will get heated and smoke from the reaction with the intemperance ammonia whether or not silver chloride is present. Test with litmus test or pH makeup to see if the solution is acidic. If it is not, add more HNO3 until the solution is acidic. The appearance of the white precipitate of AgCl in the acidic solution confirms the presence of chloride. 2. Separation and Confirmation of Bromide and Iodide.In acid solution, iron(III) ion, Fe3+, is a frail oxidizing broker capable of oxidizing the easily oxidise iodide ion to iodine. Bromide and other ions present will not interfere. The nonpolar iodine will preferentially dissolve in nonpolar mineral oil, where it can be identified by its criticize to violet color.2 I-(aq) + 2 Fe3+(aq) I2(aq) + 2 Fe2+KMnO4 is a stronger oxidizing agent than the iron (III) nitrate and will oxidize bromide, Br-, to bromine, Br2. Other ions present will not interfere. The nonpolar bromine can be extracted into nonpolar mineral oil where it can be identified by its characteristic yellow to embrown color.10 Br-(aq) + 2 MnO4-(aq) + 16 H+(aq) 5 Br2(aq) + 2 Mn2+(aq) + 8 H2O(l) spatial relation 10 drops of the original test solution (or unknown solution) in a test tube. Add 6 M HNO3 dropwise with stirring until the solution is acidic. Add 1 mL 0.1 M Fe(NO3)3 in 0.6 M HNO3 solution and stir. Then add 1 mL of mineral oil, spark plug the test tube with a cork stopper and vibrate for 30 seconds. The presence of a pale pink to purple color in the mineral oil level (the top layer) due to change state iodine confirms the presence of I- in the original solution.Draw the mineral oil layer off the solution with a capillary dropper and discard in the container provided for waste solutions. Add 0.1 M KMnO4 solution dropwise with stirring until the solution dust pink. Again add 1 mL mineral oil, cork an d shake the test tube for 30 seconds. The presence of a yellow to brown color in the mineral oil layer due to dissolved bromine confirms the presence of Br- in the original solution. Discard the solution in the container provided. 3. Confirmation of Carbonate.In acid solution, degree Celsiusate forms degree centigrade dioxide gasconade and water. The carbon dioxide may be seen as a slight effervescence. Carbon dioxide is less soluble in hot water than cold water.When carbon dioxide gas is passed through a saturated solution of atomic number 56 hydrated oxide, it readily forms aprecipitate of white barium carbonate.CO3 2-(aq) + 2 H+(aq) CO2(g) + H2O(l)CO2(g) + Ba2+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq) BaCO3(s) + H2O(l)If any guggles were formed when acid was added to the original solution, carbonate is probably present and carbon dioxide is being formed. A confirmation of the presence of carbonate involves reacting evolving carbon dioxide with barium hydroxide to form white, insoluble barium carbo nate.Place 2 mL of clear, saturated Ba(OH)2 solution in a test tube to be available for the test with carbon dioxide. Place 1 mL of the original test solution (or unknown solution) in a different test tube. Acidify this solution by adding 0.5 mL of 6 M HNO3. Place the tube in a hot water bath and assert to see if any gas bubbles form. Take a dry Beral pipette and squeeze the bulb deard. Place the tip of the pipet close to (but not touching) the surface of the liquid in the test tube and slowly plough the bulb to draw escaping carbon dioxide into the pipet. Put the pipet into thebarium hydroxide solution, and slowly squeeze the bulb, causing the gas in the pipet to bubble through the barium hydroxide solution. This procedure may be repeated. The fundamental law of a cloudy white precipitate of barium carbonate confirms the presence of carbonate ion in the original solution. 4. Confirmation of Sulfate.The test for sulfate is the ecesis of white, insoluble barium sulfate. This so lid is insoluble even inacidic solution.SO4 2-(aq) + Ba2+(aq) BaSO4(s)Place 0.5 mL of the original test solution (or unknown solution) in a test tube. Add 6 M nitric acid, HNO3, dropwise until the solution is acidic. Then add 0.5 mL 0.1 M BaCl2 solution. The formation of a white precipitate of BaSO4 confirms the presence of sulfate. 5. Confirmation of Nitrate.The test for nitrate involves the reduction of nitrate ions in basic solution to ammonia, NH3, using solid aluminum as the reducing agent. When the solution is heated, ammonia gas is liberated. The evolvingammonia gas will turn litmus paper from pink to blue.3 NO3 (aq) + 8 Al(s) + 5 OH -(aq) + 18 H2O(l) 3 NH3(g) + 8 Al(OH)4 (aq)Place 1 mL of the original test solution (or unknown solution) in a test tube. Add 6 M NaOH dropwise until the solution is basic, and then add 6 drops in excess. Use a Beral pipet to transfer the solution to the bottom of a dry test tube without getting the walls of the test tube unshakable with solutio n. Add the tip of a spatula of aluminum granules. Place a pocketable cotton plant wad loosely about halfway down the test tube, but not touching the solution. This is to prevent spattering of the solution onto the litmus paper. Hang a piece of moist red litmus paper (or pH paper) in the tube so that the bottom of the paper is close to (but not touching) the cotton. Nowwarm the solution in a hot water bath until it starts bubbling strongly. Be sure that the solution and the cotton do not touch the litmus paper. Allow the solution to cool. A slow color change (within 3 to 5 minutes) of the litmus from pink to blue, starting at the bottom and spreading to the top, indicates the evolution of ammonia and confirms the presence of nitrate in the original solution.DisposalYour teacher will provide a waste container for the solutions used in this experiment. The teacher will add solid zinc and some sodium sulfate to the waste collected. The substances may be safely disposed of using the me thod in the Flinn Chemical Catalog / Reference Manual, suggested disposal method 11 (procedure B). See the appendix. banterIn your laboratory discussion include answers to the following questions1. The confirmatory test for chloride ion with silver ion is the same chemical reaction used to confirm silver in the cation analysis scheme. Explain what the reaction is and how the initial precipitate is dissolved and reprecipitated. Use equations in your explanation.2. The procedure for chloride analysis makes use of the fact that AgCl can be dissolved in ammonia, but neither AgBr nor AgI will dissolve in ammonia. Look up the solubility products of AgCl, AgBr and AgI and show how their relative solubilities add with this fact.3. Refer to a table of standard reduction potentials to find the set for the reduction of Cl2, Br2, I2, MnO4-, and Fe3+. List the reduction reactions according to the E values. From the listing determine which of the halides can be oxidized by Fe3+ and which can be oxidized by acidic MnO4-.4. Explain why it is necessary to test for iodide by oxidation with Fe3+ before the test for bromide by oxidation with MnO4- is done.5. print separate oxidation and reduction half-reactions for the procedure used in the test for nitrate ions.6. In the nitrate test, why must care be taken to keep the moist litmus from coming in clashing with the cotton or the solution?

Running Head: Indivisible, Liberty, and Justice for All

Indivisible, Liberty, and Justice for All October 26, 2012 Indivisible, Liberty, and Justice for All2 Abstract This paper discusses Jane Elliots experiment with her third roll class and Olivia Murrays document A Mindfulness To Transc fire Pre-Service Lip-Service A reverberate for K-12 Schools To Invest in kind Justice development. The document gives a brief overview of each authors work and their advancement to help understand the impact of a companionable justness education.Finally, the essay provides the importance of combining both authors approach to achieve adaptedity in America. Indivisible, Liberty, and Justice for All3 Every morning, different groups of American students- rich and poor, black and white, rural and urban- begin the prep atomic number 18 daytime rising, facing the flag, and pledging allegiance to a landed estate that claims to be indivisible, ensuring liberty and legal expert for all. Students learn some the value of equality, as Americans we nur ture the right of equal treatment regard little of our background, belief, race or religion.They learn about justice, that monastic order offers the equal benefits and has the same obligation to all citizens. Both of these values read students that no one is favored over any other one, to date by reading A Mindfulness To stand out Pre-Service Lip-Service A margin call for K-12 Schools To Invest in Social Justice Education (Olivia Murray) and watched A crystalize Divided I recognized that disparate inequalities non only exist, exactly may continue to be perpetrated, if we do non take the hatchway to change.Lisa Delpit wrote we all interpret behaviors, information, and situations through our have got cultural lenses these lenses operate involuntarily below the level of conscious aw beness making it seem that our stimulate view is simply the way it is (Olivia Murray, pg. 48-49). Not until we be impacted by mortal elses perception of us as being different do we achieve t hat our cultural awareness is bias. Society has faced this whipping for centuries we have scholars go back and forth severe to find a resolve on how to take ur children to be color blind, to be less bias and to treat everyone the way they want to be treated. It seems so aboveboard to say yet it is very hard to achieve. In the video A Class Divided, third grade teacher Jane Elliot attempts with her class an experiment to ground the impact of discrimination. The article A Mindfulness To Transcend Pre-Service Lip-Service A Call for K-12 Schools To Invest in Social Justice Education (Olivia Murray) constitutes a three-fold approach so individual tames can address the issues of avoiding social injustice.The assassination of Dr. Martin Luther office Jr. led to turmoil and riots across the country. Jane Elliot, a white, third grade teacher, felt the need to try a new approach to teach her Indivisible, Liberty, and Justice for All4 young students about discrimination especially aft er sense of hearing the white media referring to those people and those communities, as if black Americans were somehow not parting of America. The experiment was for two days, it started on Tuesday.Jane Elliot begins by asking the class about National Brotherhood Week, what it means and whether there are people in America who arent treated like brothers. The children responded yes, Blacks and Indian Americans are not treated like brothers. So, Elliot proposes the experiment to help the students understand what discrimination means. all over the next two days, the class was split into blue-eyed and brown-eyed students and that on the head start day, blue-eyed people are better than brown-eyed.This meant they got extra recess, could drink from the fountain, have seconds at lunch and could play on the playground equipment. Brown-eyed students mustiness drop paper cups to drink from, may not play with blue-eyed children, must stay off playground and wore collars around their neck s to be easily identified. During the inhabit of the day, Elliot points out how much time brown-eyed children took to complete tasks, how not prepared they were, how they bustt take things seriously and were disruptive and badly behaved. She entices the blue-eyed children to equal with her.On Wednesday, it is the turn of the brown-eyed children to be better than the blue-eyed children. The roles are switched and the brown-eyed children despite having been on the receiving end of discriminatory behavior the day before are at present tormenting the blue-eyed children. The children described their experiences like being a dog on a leash, like having collars and couldnt think as well. At the end of the day, Elliot asks the children whether eye or skin color should be how we decide whether someone is dear or bad or if those things make a good or bad person.All of the children said no. Elliot also learned that the children who are privileged because of the eye color do better on test s than children who are being discriminated against. Indivisible, Liberty, and Justice for All5 Olivia Murrays article A Mindfulness To Transcend Pre-Service Lip-Service A Call for K-12 Schools To Invest in Social Justice Education (Olivia Murray), suggest a three-fold approach for works to adopt. It includes a partnership between the school staff, a school wide team, and a relationship with the school community.The school staff must take a summitership role to present the challenges they should endure the discomfort of their own prejudices and biases. Open discourse about their own personal experiences leave alone identify how each school supports equity and how they make for the social development of the children. Secondly, is to create a school-wide Equity Leadership team up (ELT), to assist schools in maintaining self-awareness among teachers and preparing our future generation of non-biased children.The team can present the relevance and respect for different cultures, can pinpoint if the needs of point groups of students is not being met cod to lack of awareness. Finally, building and maintaining a align invisible relationship with the school community to promote the social justice values. When parents and the communities are involved in strengthening the communication for one same purpose it transmits a shared appreciation, therefore becoming part of the solution and not an outsider.I believe that a combination of Elliots experiment with a continued application of Murrays approach will eventually puzzle lifelong learners characterized by rich diversity. Being exposed hands on at an early age about the effects of discrimination will allow children to be more open-minded and color blind. Once the children are self-aware of the negative feelings they encounter and bringing on board the school staff, parents and community to promote the same values of equality, will only lead to a more just and equal America.It was very surprising to realize that l iving in such a diverse country we are still faced with the same oppression as Blacks were in the 1960s. Nowadays, it is not only due to skin color but also due to our religious beliefs and our sexual preferences, as well as others. For decades we have been trying Indivisible, Liberty, and Justice for All6 to figure out racism. We feel and believe we are not racist however we all have biases. The most important foot from Elliot and Murrays work is the importance placed on the education that is delivered to our children.By program line our children through the use of right words and being open exuberant about our own prejudices will empower them. Empower them to make a change that will affect the future generation of America and worldwide. after(prenominal) all, we will have the ability to see America as the country that is indivisible, ensuring liberty and justice for all. Indivisible, Liberty, and Justice for All7 References Murray, Olivia. A Mindfulness To Transcend Pre-Servic e Lip-Service A Call for K-12 Schools To Invest in Social Justice Education Elliot, Jane. (1968) A Class Divided

The new graduate

The bargon-assed ammonia alum hold ups (NGN) are faced with various issues and ch bothenges especially in their first year of nursing practice. The plosive speech sound of modulation from a scholarly person to a graduate flirt with is a demanding period that is filled with raw experiences and there are several(prenominal) concerns and factors that can affect the variety passage. The investigate into the issues has recomm oddityed some strategies that can be utilised to ease the transition process from being a student to a professional practicing nursemaid.Exhaustion, reality box and metre management are some of the actors and issues that the recent-sprung(prenominal) graduate magnate encounter during their first year in their allocateer. There are several recommended syllabuss, which have been developed to address the issues that shape the transition period such(prenominal) as mentoring, support net utilizations and time management planners. This essay go awa y hash out in detail the range of issues, as well as the strategies and resources to drive the adjustment to the new lineament of a new registered nurse. Romyn et al. 2009) states some factors that influence the transition period from a student to a graduate nurse and how quickly newly graduate nurses are able to emonstrate mastery of their new role including personal qualities of the individual registered nurse such as age, preceding work experience, maturity and aspirations. It was found that students who have worked as nursing functionants seemed to do better in their role as they had early hands-on experience. opposite(a) factors include the quality of educational preparation received during their pre-registration nursing program and the period of clinical experiences.Also, the duration and quality of transition programs for new graduates which is provided by institutions of employment, the ttitudes and behavior of the more experienced nurses in employing institutions as well as the demands been placed on the registered nurse in clinical situations (Chang & Daly, 2012). Fink, Krugman, Casey and Goode (2008) found that the transition of graduate nurses from a student into a professional practice climb is a concern, which is long- standing and widely recognised as a period of stress, reality shock and role adjustment.This is practically due to the fact the students are been observed by a nurse when performing clinical tasks. erstwhile the student graduates, they experience reality shock, when they try to adjust to their new role. veracity shock is a term used to describe a fling between what the students are taught to expect, and what is actually experienced during their early stages of work and often the shock occurs when the new graduate nurses discover it difficult to integrate the companionship obtained in the university into their daily protessional practice.Moreover they discover there is a theory- practice severance as the theory they h ave been taught in lectures differs to the theory required in a clinical tantrum (Vieira da Silva et al. , 2010). Duchscher (2008) states that the discrepancies between what graduates guess s nursing from the real world of delivery of health care service compared to their education leaves the new nursing graduates with a experience of groundlessness.The nursing environment moves the new graduates away from the nursing practice adopted in their educational process towards a more productive, efficient and achievement-oriented context that places grandeur on institutionally imposed social goals which leads to role ambiguity and intimate conflict. Duclos-Miller (2011) identified that role stress, role overload and role ambiguity all contribute to transition issues. Role stress is the incongruence between perceived xpectations, role and achievements, which occurs due to the status change from a student to graduate nurse.Furthermore, bother experienced from the challenges of the new role, such as leave out of consistent and move in information about the behavior expected from them, lack of clearly specify responsibilities, lack of confidence, as well as coping with the beginning direct of competence as a registered nurse (Duclos- Miller, 2011). Role ambiguity is the lack of information needed for role definition and behavior that is expected in their new role, which includes the psychological, social aspects of role performance.Whereas, role overload includes instruction of new roles, difficulty with time management and prioritising task. Also other stressors include the emotion of not being competent, encountering new procedures and situations, fear of making mistakes due to increase workload and working with experienced staff nurses that are un leaveing to assist (Duclos-Miller, 2011). West, Ahern, Byrnes and Kwanten (2007) indicate that the new graduate nurses may have not worked regular in the past given that graduate nurses begin their career with a full-time Job can lead to exhaustion.It was discovered that shift work leads to esynchronisation of physiologically determined circadian rhythms which has a major psychobiology effect and it is unremarkably perceived the effects of shift work contribute to graduate nurses contriteness rate. The NGNs often have a high level of stress due to disturbed sleeping patterns, as they find to adaption to shift work or rotating work hours difficult. Eventually, it leads to feelings of lack of Job satisfaction, exhaustion and spending of less time with their friends and family, which can eventually could lead to burnout (West et al. 2007). Dyess and Sherman (2009) found that new graduate nurses express concerns bout their ability to delegate and supervise other nurses or unauthorised assistive personnel as they felt unprepared to deal with whatsoever type of conflict, they tend to avoid any type of situation kind of than confront the situation, as they felt unequipped to explore to con flict professionally. other issue encountered by the NGN is the ability to communicate witn physicians and other members ot the multidisciplinary team ot which interactions with physicians were a source of anxiety and stress.Moreover, the lack of professional confidence that new graduate may feel can be heightened, when nother professional expresses disgust or uses a gruff tone. This is a safety issue because a sense of insecurity can contribute to the NGN avoiding contact with the physician, unless a patient experiences an innate physiological decline (Dyess & Sherman, 2009). Morrow (2009) states that most graduate nurses experience horizontal force play in their first year of practice, they felt undervalued and neglected by other nurses and experienced rude and humiliating verbal statements and unjust criticism.The most park form of horizontal violence was in form of psychological harassment, which ncludes intimidation, exclusion, and innuendos. The accumulative impact may le ad to absenteeism and frustration that may lead to the thoughtfulness of leaving the nursing profession (Morrow, 2009). In order for the factors and issues that surround the transition from a student to a graduate nurse to be addressed, legitimate strategies needs to be implemented that can ease the transition period.An classical strategy that can be implemented to assist the graduate nurses to steep into a professional working environment is a graduate program. It leave alone aid to build the confidence of the new graduate nurse hrough the training of support and mentorship during their period of adjustment, and assist the new nurse to assimilate into the hospital environment, think critically and problem solve which will allow the graduates to deal with obstacles encountered in patient care and prepare them for a lifelong learning and also help them in the integration of theory to practice (Davey & Vittrup, 2009).The intromission of formal preceptor and mentorship is an ef fective strategy to facilitate a self-made transition. A preceptor is an assigned role in which a equal to(p) employee assists with the development and orientation of the new graduate they are usually esponsible for evaluation and supervising the work of the preceptee. However, a mentor actively supports the graduate nurse with personal and career development, personal support, counseling and acceptance. Also, they help the pundit nurse to raise their confidence and recognise their limitations.In addition, mentors help novice nurses in setting rea runic goals by recommending appropriate courses of action (Ellis & Hartley, 2012). NGN require resources and information that are designed to facilitate their adjustment in a clinical area, which will enable them to gain skills and knowledge to perform satisfactorily in their Job. Resources such as an orientation program involves the induction of a NGN to the organisational mission and spate statement, as well as an introduction to the procedures and policies related to nursing activities such as medication administration.An appropriate orientation and induction program will attend that a NGN can safely plan and conduct patient care. In addition, with an appropriate orientation program the NGN is aware of the overall agriculture of the hospital, which can make the NGN to teel accepted and part ot a team in a clinical environment, which can promote overall positive outcomes with piece of work atisfaction of the NGN (Burgess & D Hondt, 2007).Effective strategies that enhance the time management skills which is one of the above mentioned issue for new graduates are to arrive to work much earlier, avoiding distractors such as centering on issues of co-workers, assess patients to note if any extra supplies will be needed to carry out clinical procedures, keeping shift criminal record on track and to chart during the shift and not at the end of the shift and prioritise task to be performed (Booth, 2011).However, to prioritise task the novice nurse needs to learn how to delegate. First, to enhance the skill the nurse should go through how others have delegated to them, consider their body language when delegating by maintaining midsection contact, being pleasant and leave any room for suggestions, but ensure they are not intimidated by writing a list of task and posting it at the nurses station, it leaves little room for a be amiss (Cherry Jacob, 2008).

Burt’s bee – an American company

Burts bee is an Ameri fag end smart set that deals into personal premeditation outputs. It has diverseiated its self on the basis of humankind Friendly, Natural Personal C be Company. Their harvests atomic number 18 cosmos make from wax, natural oils, herbs and min eonls (Smith, Dulcinea Norton, 2008, March). This company begun its operations in the grade 1984 when Roxanne Quimby and Burt Shavitz an ex-couple living in Maine started making raftdles. They were made from they by- harvest-festival of beeswax obtained from Burts h stary ancestry. This subterfuge made sale up to $20,000 by the end of first year. short they crossroad earned recognition and got orders form a boutique in New York. They added many organic beauty products to cast off this line. In the year 1991 they added their best seller product lip balm. Soon they discontinued their noted movedle production and concentrated on personal c ar items. shortly their product line includes face, body, mens groomin g, baby cargon, hair, lip care and outdoor remedies product. Their products are being sold in different countries of the land including United States, United Kingdoms, Canada, Ireland, Hong Kong and Taiwan. sell Experiment Burts bee distinguished itself on the basis of organic and eco friendly products. It created a niche for its product by targeting people who are more inclined towards purchasing and employ less chemical oriented products. Retail job disregard be explained as sale of goods or merchandises directly to customers through and through a fix point. Availability of logistics and expansion plans play a vital role in deciding either a company should move into retail business or not.When a profit bearing company like Burts Bee plans to expand its operation they have to make an sort in shelves of different departmental stores, m tout ensembles, market stores even drug stores to be more unmistakable everyplace other competitor products. Making such infrangible appear ance is not possible by limiting its self to being a manufacturer and a direct seller. Looking at online obtain websites (which is also a part of retail business) it brings products at a shoot of one button. It also saves human resource and middle man profit.It gives endless shelf-space to a manufacturer to display its products. Burts bee was already selling their product through QVC and making handsome amount of profit on it. It was snip to get into physical retail business to increase their profitability. Retail business has many different wagess. If one person is out to buy grocery for home might also want to purchase any product that he sees on shelves. We all try to experiment with new products. This observational nature is at peek when we go out of the house to do a weeks shopping.Instead of going at one particular shop to buy a item product we all prefer one place stop that has all the products. Its an era of expediency and we enjoy taking advantage of it. Retail busin ess back up in saving time for a lot of customers. pile are so busy in their personal and professional lives they prefer purchase all what they need from one places rather than visiting different shops for specific products. Retail business also gives an edge over all those strong products acquirable only at their dedicated shops.Their presences can be easily overlapped with a product that is available at every nook and corner. People usually go out with friends to malls for shopping. Strong word of mouth can also play a heavy role in change magnitude sales. Burts bee has a reputable name in the market and a loyal set of customers. Changing brand habit should not be a difficult task for them once the presence of their product becomes prominent. visual aspect of Roxxane Quimby at different retail shops once in a small-arm leave alone add to customer satisfaction.When she started the business by selling beeswax candle she realized that most of her customers looked at the bott om of it to check its finishing. Costumers are very particular about quality maintenance. Heavy marketing can attract more customers to meet the proud owner of the product they are using. The fear of being discontinued from the end users can also be minimized through this strategy. This can also be done through comment cards. People can fill them and send it to her to give her. Retail business enables a customer to compare products at the location.This comparison can be made on the basis of ingredients, prices and packaging. Burts bee has the competitive advantage of being organic and less chemically treated product over others. It has gain popularity for being made from natural oils unlike other products available in the market. Conclusion Thus opting for a retail business pass on help them achieve desired target in a given time period. It becomes difficult to be a direct seller and expend to different countries. Though sales and revenues increase can not be separated from good marketing campaign.Promotion incentives like free samples can also be used to help purchase of new products and attract more customers. Heavy ATL (Above The Line) and BTL (Below The Line) marketing can also increase product awareness and spread the brand name amongst non users. Product availability will have a proportionate effect on increase sales. With high demand price can also be increased. People are ready to pay a high amount but do not believe in compromising in quality. They will forever and a day choose convenience of purchasing ten things from one shop indeed roaming around 10 shops to buy one thing.